Wordformation

Английские суффиксы

I. Суффиксы существительных:

а) обозначающих национальность, принадлежность к определенной группе людей, профессий, действующее лицо, орудие действия

— ician	academician	академик
— ant	assistant	помощник
— ent	student	студент
— ary	revolutionary	революционер
— eer	engineer	инженер
— ess	actress	актриса
— ist	typist	машинистка
— ive	captive	пленный
— or	constructor	конструктор

б) обозначающие отвлеченные понятия, процессы, действия, науки, предметы

— асу	democracy	демократия
— age	marriage	брак
— ance	distance	расстояние
— ence	defence	оборона
— ancy	constancy	постоянство
— ency	tendency	тенденция
— ary	library	библиотека
— dom	freedom	свобода
— hood	brotherhood	братство
— ia	Georgia	Грузия
— ic	music	музыка
— ics	tactics	тактика
— ing	reading	чтение
— ion	union	союз
— tion	nation	нация
— ssion	mission	миссия
— sion	excursion	экскурсия
— ation	organization	организация
— ism	communism	коммунизм
— ium	stadium	стадион
— ment	experiment	опыт
— ness	darkness	темнота
— ology	biology	биология
— our	labour	труд
— re	centre	центр
— ship	friendship	дружба
— sure	pleasure	удовольствие
— ture	culture	культура
— ity	ability	способность

II. Суффиксы прилагательных

— able	reasonable	разумный
— cial	social	общественный
— ical	tactical	тактический
— ant	distant	отдаленный
— ent	dependent	зависимый
— en	golden	золотой
— ar	regular	регулярный
— ary	revolutionary	революционный
— ate	separate	отдельный
— ian	Georgian	грузинский
— ible	visible	видимый
— ic	academic	академический
— i	Iraqi	иракский
— ile	mobile	подвижный
— ish	English	английский
— ive	active	активный
— ful	useful	полезный
— less	useless	бесполезный
— like	manlike	мужественный
— ly	friendly	дружественный
— y	cloudy	облачный
— ous	mountainous	гористый

III. Суффиксы глаголов:

— ate	dominate	доминировать
— en	soften	смягчать
— ify	identify	идентифицировать
— ise	economise	экономить

IV. Суффикс наречий

— lу	easily	легко
— ward(s)	backwards	назад
— wise	clockwise	по часовой стрелке

V. Суффиксы числительных

— teen	fourteen	четырнадцать
— ty	forty	сорок
— th	the fourth	четвертый

Префиксы в английском языке

un-	unpleasant	неприятный
en-	enlarge	увеличивать
dis-	disagree	не соглашаться
de-	degrade	деградировать
il-, im-, ir-, in-	indefinite, impossible	неопределенный, невозможный
non-	non-stop, non-smoker	беспосадочный, некурящий
re-	to rewrite	переписывать
con-	contemporary, consist of	современный, состоять из
mis-	misunderstand	неправильно понять
pre-	prevent	предотвращать
post-	postgraduate	аспирант
sub-	submarine	подводная лодка
super-	supernatural	сверхъестественный
inter-	international	международный
over-	overweight	избыточный вес
under-	underwear	нижнее бельё
fore-	foresee, foretell, forecast	предвидеть, предсказывать, прогнозировать

Как высказать своё мнение и привлечь внимание слушателей перед речью.

1. Как сделать красивое вступление для выражения своего мнения

I think ... Я думаю
It seems to me ... Мне кажется
(Personally,) I believe ... А вот я считаю
From my point of view / viewpoint... С моей точки зрения
(Personally,) I feel ... Лично я полагаю
As far as I'm concerned, ... Насколько я могу судить

Describing a picture.

Do:

• Look at your picture carefully and take a few moments to think before you start talking.
• Talk for all the time you are given. If you have one minute to do the task, use every second.
• Practise the useful language below so you can explain which part of the picture you are talking about.

Don’t:

• Panic if you don’t know the words for all the things in the picture. You don’t need to know all the words for everything in the picture if you know what to say when you don't know an exact word.  
• Get distracted and start talking about something else. Focus on the photo or picture.
• Panic if your mind goes blank. Take a deep breath, look at the picture and start again.

If you are asked to describe a photo or a picture in the exam, here is some language you can use:

What is in the picture?

In the picture I can see ...
There’s / There are ...
There isn’t a ... / There aren’t any ...

Say what is happening with the present continuous

The man is ...ing
The people are ...ing
It’s raining.

Where in the picture?

At the top/bottom of the picture ...
In the middle of the picture ...
On the left/right of the picture ...
next to
in front of
behind
near
on top of
under

If something isn’t clear

It looks like a ...
It might be a ...
He could be ...ing
Maybe it’s a ...

- See more at: http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/exams/speaking-exams/describe-photo-or-picture#sthash.LNxzWViB.dpuf

Steps to writing an effective summary

                                               

1.

Divide the text into sections, either single paragraphs or groups of

paragraphs focused on the same topic.

2.

Write the main idea of each section in one or two sentences.

3.

Write the main idea of the entire text in one or two sentences.

4.

Develop a full paragraph, beginning with the sentences that summarize the entire text and following with the main ideas from the body of the text.

Do not include examples, facts or statistics.

5.

Ask someone who is not familiar with the original text to read the summary  for clarity and relevance of information. Revise if necessary. 


USEFUL PHRASES

The author (narrator)

        Says, states, points out that…

        Claims, thinks, believes that…

Describes, explains, makes clear that…

Criticizes, analyses, comments on…

Tries to express…

Argues that…

Suggests that…

Compares X to Y…

Doubts that…

Tries to convince the readers that…

Concludes that…

 

Expressing your opinion phrases

Personal Point of View

We use these words and phrases to express a personal point of view:

• In my experience…
• As far as I'm concerned…
• Speaking for myself…
• In my opinion…
• Personally, I think…
• I'd say that…
• I'd suggest that…
• I'd like to point out that…
• I believe that…
• What I mean is…

General Point of View

We use these words and phrases to express a point of view that is generally thought by people:

• It is thought that...
• Some people say that...
• It is considered...
• It is generally accepted that...

Agreeing with an opinion

We use these words and phrases to agree with someone else's point of view:

• Of course.
• You're absolutely right.
• Yes, I agree.
• I think so too.
• That's a good point.
• Exactly.
• I don't think so either.
• So do I.
• I'd go along with that.
• That's true.
• Neither do I.
• I agree with you entirely.
• That's just what I was thinking.
• I couldn't agree more.

Disagreeing with an opinion

We use these words and phrases to disagree with someone else's point of view:

• That's different.
• I don't agree with you.
• However…
• That's not entirely true.
• On the contrary…
• I'm sorry to disagree with you, but…
• Yes, but don't you think…
• That's not the same thing at all.
• I'm afraid I have to disagree.
• I'm not so sure about that.
• I must take issue with you on that.
• It's unjustifiable to say that...

General Conversation and Discussion	Общий разговор и обсуждение
Asking for an opinion	Просьба высказать мнение
What do you think about it?	Что вы думаете об этом?
What do you think?	Что вы думаете? / Как вы думаете?
What is your opinion?	Каково ваше мнение?
What is your point of view?	Какова ваша точка зрения?
What is your attitude to this problem?	Каково ваше отношение к этой проблеме?
Alex, would you like to say something about it?	Алекс, вы не хотите что-либо сказать об этом?

ENJOY LEARNING IRREGULAR VERBS